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The abacus, a hand-operated calculating tool, emerged independently across ancient civilizations like Rome, Greece, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. It consists of 2-D (dimensional) array of slidable beads or similar objects. 

The abacus is a manual calculating tool used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It consists of a frame with rods strung with movable beads. Each rod represents a place value, with the rightmost rod representing the ones place. You can visualize numbers and calculate by manipulating the beads along the frame.

In the modern world, the use of abacus has 3 main benefits for the children:

1. Improving mental math - helps enhance mental arithmetic skills
2. Helping children learn math - its visual and tactile nature is a fun and useful way to teach math to young children
3. Therapeutic benefits - used in therapeutic settings for individuals with cognitive challenges or learning disabilities